大数据高薪职位必备：Hadoop求职者的6大攻略

导语：大数据行业发展得越来越好，企业不惜重金聘请数据分析师，“学习Hadoop，找好工作不是梦想”的口号激励着无数同学投身大数据事业，然而就业却并不那么简单，“工作经验”无疑给寻求高薪工作的同学破了盆冷水，怎样解决经验问题？怎样让自己显得更加专业？怎样让自己有更深入的行业洞察力？技术招聘人员为具备Hadoop技能的求职者提出了一些见解和建议。InformationWeek作家Kevin Casey为我们做了详细分析。

开源Apache Hadoop项目一直是个热门，这对于具备Hadoop及相关技能的IT求职者来说是个好消息。

Matt Andrieux是旧金山Riviera Partners公司技术招聘部门负责人，他告诉我们对Hadoop及相关技能的需求在过去几年中呈直线上升趋势。 Andrieux在接受电子邮件采访时还向我们透露：“我们的分析表明大多招聘企业是初创公司，它们正在招聘大量的工程师来帮助它们通过各种方式利用数据，让公司摆脱困境。很多公司都将它们的整个业务建立在数据收集和分析基础上，其实在任何行业都是这样。”

Andrieux指出并不是Hadoop刺激了经济繁荣，相反，正是由于经济发展产生大量的数据处理需求，从而推动了Hadoop和类似技术的发展。

Andrieux说：“由于互联网上人类和机器的活动，造成非结构化数据爆炸式增长，推动了Hadoop的兴起。非结构化数据存在巨大的价值，但通过以往类似SQL的索引技术几乎不可能挖掘出有意义的信息。大数据生态圈中Hadoop和类似工具为工程师提供从非结构化数据中创建结构化数据的能力，在大规模分布式范围内获取有价值的业务洞察力。

就业市场比较看好熟悉Hadoop这类大数据工具（如Cassandra、CouchDB、MongoDB、Riak等）的求职者。

我们又邀请Andrieux深入挖掘过去的求职热点问题，了解当前具有Hadoop技能以及相关专业知识的IT人士面临的就业现状。

1. 经验很重要

当被问到公司招聘具备Hadoop技能的IT人员都有哪些要求时，Andrieux 回答，“经验是最重要的”。当你渴望找到一份与数据相关工作时，你也就迈进了竞争残酷的就业市场——虽然你总有一天会积累起经验，但是此刻才最重要。

假如你有必要的经验，那就要适当地展示出来。

Andrieux说：“我们客户中的那些初创公司正在寻找可以将大数据运用到实际生产中的工程师，仅仅展示还是不够的，最好能有在大公司的项目实践经验。”

2. 怎样获取经验

对于年轻IT求职者或者经验丰富但想要学习新技能的IT人士，Andrieux推荐了两个方法：专业培训和认证、参加当地的行业聚会。

Andrieux建议：“如果有人想要进入大数据领域和学习Hadoop，我建议参加像Cloudera和Hortonworks这样大公司提供的Hadoop专业培训并通过相关认证。”这些培训给工程师们提供实践经验，而且通常可以得到该领域专家的指导。

当地行业组织为求职者们提供另一种教育，还有重要的社交机会。Andrieux说：“例如：theBay区（Riviera Partners公司所在地）周围的聚会群体每周或每月都有聚会，广泛讨论面向数据的主题，这些聚会的发言者往往是有影响力的行业领袖，在该领域有丰富的经验并且能够提供最佳实践建议。聚会中有大量的交流机会，可以认识很多数据专家。”

3. 了解招聘中常用的术语

在简历、履历和其他求职文件中，一些专业词汇和术语往往能够吸引招聘人员和人事经理的眼球。Andrieux提供的三个有代表性的例子：大规模设计和建造可扩展性分布式数据存储、系统和管道；实现xxxx节点的Hadoop集群；从零开始或者从底层开始构建。

4. 与Hadoop相关的工作不一定在标题中包含“Hadoop”

如果你在找工作，目光不要过于狭隘——切记大数据相关的职位有各种各样形式，而且有些工作看起来与Hadoop相关，实际却只是一种伪装。Andrieux说：“常见的数据工程师甚至像后端工程师这样的职位也是与Hadoop相关的工作。”

5. 持续关注不断发展的行业环境

Andrieux注意到Hadoop是一个相对年轻的技术，和整个大数据行业一样。因此，要想在大数据行业或者相关行业得到较好的发展，及时关注最新的行业趋势和变化特别重要。

坚持关注数据大会，比如Strate和Hadoop峰会。Andrieux说：“关注这些数据大会都是非常有利于了解行业前沿技术，在这些会议上会有很多著名的企业参加。关注行业领袖们在他们公司网站上的博客，了解一些数据大会上的重要演讲，不要害怕与招聘者谈论行业发展趋势，只是我们看行业趋势要比公众更具前瞻性。”

6. Hadoop相关工作不是唯一的选择

可以肯定的是，Hadoop仍然热门，但Andrieux指出：Hadoop不是应对数据指数型增长的唯一平台或技能。“Hadoop不是市场应对数据需求的唯一选择，关注一下应对大数据的不同技术，问问周围其他人在用哪些技术，有什么样的优点和缺点。”

英语原文：

When you’re hot, you’re hot, and the open-source Apache Hadoop project has been scorching for a while. That’s good news for IT job hunters with serious Hadoop chops and related skills.

Demand for those skills has pointed skyward for the past several years, according to Matt Andrieux, lead technical recruiter at Riviera Partners in the San Francisco Bay Area. “Our portfolio companies, which are mostly startups, are looking for a wide range of engineers that can help them leverage data in various ways that will help their bottom line,” Andrieux said in an email interview. “Many companies are basing their entire business off of data collection and analysis, which can be useful for any industry.”

Andrieux noted that it’s not Hadoop itself that’s actually fueling the boom; rather, rising demand for Hadoop and similar skills is a byproduct of the enormous sums of data we’re generating these days.

“The hype is actually being driven by the massive explosion of unstructured data created by human and machine activity on the internet,” Andrieux said. “There is value in this unstructured data, but it’s nearly impossible to comb through it all with past indexing technologies like SQL. Hadoop and similar tools in the big data ecosystem provide engineers the ability to create structured data from unstructured data and derive valuable business insight on a massively distributed scale.”

Experience with big data tools similar to Hadoop, such as Cassandra, CouchDB, MongoDB, Riak, and more, is likewise in high demand, according Andrieux.

We asked Andrieux to help dig past the hype for insights into the current job market for IT pros with Hadoop and related expertise.

1. Sorry, greenhorns — experience matters.

Asked what his clients most commonly demand when looking for IT pros with Hadoop skills, Andrieux replied, “The more experience the better.” Sorry, newbies. You might find choppier seas when trying to land a coveted data gig — though there are certainly ways to build experience. (More on that in a moment.)

If you’ve got the requisite experience, on the other hand, flaunt it as appropriate.

“Our startup clientele are looking for engineers who can come into a production environment and hit the ground running,” Andrieux said. “Exposure to it is not enough, but engineers who have hands-on implementation in large-scale environments are preferred.”

2. Here’s how to build experience.

For younger IT pros or experienced ones looking to add new skills, Andrieux recommended two paths: professional training and certifications, and getting involved in local industry meetups.

“For someone looking to break into and learn Hadoop, I would suggest going through professional Hadoop training and certifications that companies like Cloudera and Hortonworks offer,” Andrieux advised. “These trainings give engineers real-world experience and are usually conducted by experts in the field.”

Local industry organizations offer another kind of education as well as significant networking opportunities. “Various meetup groups around the

Kevin Casey is a writer based in North Carolina who writes about technology for small and mid-size businesses.

Bay Area [for example] have weekly and monthly meetings about a wide range of data-oriented topics,” Andrieux said. “Speakers for these meetups often are thought leaders who have had extensive experience in the field and can offer their advice on best practices. There are huge networking opportunities at Meetups and [they are] a great way to meet others passionate about engineering.”

3. Learn the hiring lingo.

Certain words and phrases in resumes, bios, and other job-hunting collateral will jump out at recruiters and hiring managers looking for Hadoop and similar skills. Andrieux offered three examples of the kind of phrasing that currently stands out: Designed and built massively scalable distributed data storage, systems, and pipelines, Led implementation on an xxxx node Hadoop cluster, and Built from scratch or built from ground up.

4. Hadoop jobs don’t necessarily include ‘Hadoop’ in the title.

If you’re on the hunt, don’t search too narrowly — keep in mind that big data-related jobs come in various — and sometimes generic — guises. “We see titles such as Data Engineer or even common titles like Backend Engineer being used regularly,” Andrieux said.

5. Stay plugged into the evolving landscape.

Andrieux noted that Hadoop is a relatively young technology, as is the big data industry at large. As a result, it’s especially important to stay on top of trends and changes if you’re building a career in or around big data.

Always keep up on data conferences like Strata and Hadoop Summit. “These are great for identifying what is and is not working in the industry, and there is a wealth of companies to speak to at these conferences,” Andrieux said. “Follow blogs and watch keynote speeches that leaders in the industry post on their company websites. And don’t be afraid to talk with recruiters about their portfolio. We see trends develop much earlier than what is in the public eye.”

6. Remember: Hadoop’s not the only game in town.

Hadoop remains hot, for sure, but keep in mind Andrieux’s earlier point: It’s not the only platform or skill in demand as a result of exponential data growth. “Hadoop is not the only option on the market for data needs,” Andrieux pointed out. “Explore various other services and ask around on what other people like to use and its advantages and disadvantages.”